Mekanisme Penyelesaian Sengketa AATHP: Defisit Normatif, State Responsibility dan Rekonstruksi Green Arbitration

Achmad Theo Irsyad; Any Tasya Kaloko; Azifah Syaqila Ravadina Suhendra

doi:10.71417/jchi.v2i2.231

Penulis

Achmad Theo Irsyad Universitas Bengkulu Penulis
Any Tasya Kaloko Universitas Bengkulu Penulis
Azifah Syaqila Ravadina Suhendra Universitas Bengkulu Penulis

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.71417/jchi.v2i2.231

Kata Kunci:

AATHP, Polusi Asap Lintas Batas, State Responsibility, Green arbitration, ASEAN Way.

Abstrak

Fenomena kabut asap lintas batas di Asia Tenggara merupakan krisis ekologis struktural yang terus berulang meskipun telah tersedia instrumen hukum ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution (AATHP). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis defisit normatif dalam AATHP, mengelaborasi aplikasi prinsip state responsibility, serta menawarkan rekonstruksi mekanisme penyelesaian sengketa. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis-normatif melalui pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan komparatif, penelitian menemukan bahwa AATHP mengalami kelemahan fundamental pada dimensi delegasi, khususnya Pasal 27 yang membatasi penyelesaian sengketa hanya pada konsultasi diplomatik yang tidak mengikat. Terkait tanggung jawab negara, doktrin due diligence menjadi landasan paling relevan untuk mengonstruksikan kegagalan regulasi domestik terhadap aktor non-negara dalam kerangka internationally wrongful act. Disimpulkan bahwa efektivitas AATHP terhambat oleh tiadanya forum hukum yang kompeten bagi negara terdampak akibat dominasi prinsip non-interference dalam ASEAN Way. Penelitian merekomendasikan rekonstruksi Pasal 27 melalui integrasi klausul green arbitration berbasis model Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) dengan mekanisme opt-in. Rekonstruksi ini dirancang agar tetap kompatibel dengan budaya diplomasi kawasan sekaligus memberikan kepastian hukum yang lebih kuat dalam mengatasi krisis asap lintas batas di masa depan.

Unduhan

Data unduhan tidak tersedia.

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