Otonomi Strategis Atau Ketergantungan Kolektif?Menata Ulang Diplomasi Kebijakan Luar Negeri Uni Eropa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.71417/jchi.v1i2.23Keywords:
Kompas Strategis, Layanan Aksi Eksternal Uni Eropa, Otonomi Strategis, Reformasi KelembagaanAbstract
Pencapaian otonomi strategis menjadi sorotan utama dalam debat kebijakan luar negeri Uni Eropa pasca–Perjanjian Lisbon. Meskipun UE telah mengadopsi Strategic Compass (2022), realitasnya, UE tetap terikat pada mekanisme keamanan kolektif—terutama NATO dan hubungan bilateral dengan Amerika Serikat—yang terus memengaruhi tindakan eksternalnya (Bastian, 2024). Penelitian ini menggunakan kajian literatur kualitatif terhadap sepuluh publikasi kunci periode 2020–2024 dan dokumen resmi UE untuk menguraikan empat hambatan utama menuju otonomi sejati: fragmentasi kelembagaan EEAS (Blockmans & Wessel, 2021; Biedenkopf & Petri, 2021), keterbatasan sumber daya pertahanan bersama (Muravska, 2020; Defence innovation…Compass, 2022), divergensi negara anggota (Bastian, 2024; Michaels & Sus, 2024), dan kerentanan dalam diplomasi digital (Hedling, 2021). Kami mengusulkan kerangka diplomasi terintegrasi—meliputi Strategic Compass mengikat dengan pengawasan parlemen, mandat EEAS terpusat, kapabilitas siber yang diperkuat, dan pemupukan pooled capabilities—untuk menata ulang kebijakan eksternal UE menuju keseimbangan otonomi strategis dan ketergantungan kolektif.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Gusti Luthfi Fahrezi (Author)
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