Eksistensi Living Law Sebagai Sumber Hukum Tidak Tertulis dalam Budaya Masyarakat Indonesia

I Made Bayu Masdyasa; Ni Made Jaya Senastri

doi:10.71417/jchi.v2i1.191

Authors

I Made Bayu Masdyasa Universitas Warmadewa Author
Ni Made Jaya Senastri Universitas Warmadewa Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.71417/jchi.v2i1.191

Keywords:

New Criminal Code, Customary Law, Restorative Justice, Principle of Legality

Abstract

The enactment of Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code (KUHP) on January 2, 2026, marked a paradigm shift in Indonesian criminal law from retributive justice to a more humanistic, restorative, and rehabilitative approach. One of the most revolutionary breakthroughs was the explicit recognition of living law, or law living in society, as a source of criminal law. This study aims to analyze the position of this unwritten law within the national legal structure and the impact of changes in national law on the sustainability of customary law culture in Indonesia. The research method used is normative juridical with a regulatory and contextual approach. The results show that the recognition of living law in Article 2 of the New Criminal Code represents an effort to harmonize the principle of formal legality with sociological justice, which was abolished in the constitution (Article 18B paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution). However, this recognition gives rise to a legal paradox: efforts to legalize customary law through Regional Regulations (Perda) risk distorting the flexible nature of customary law, making it rigid and formalistic. This study concludes that while the New Criminal Code provides space for the integration of customary criminal law, its sustainability depends heavily on how the state balances the demand for legal certainty with the protection of the authenticity of prevailing societal norms.

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